The cannabis plant is made up of many compounds that contribute to its distinctive effects, with cannabinoids like THC and CBD being the most well-known. However, there’s a lesser-known group of compounds that play a vital role in the cannabis experience: cannabis-derived terpenes. These aromatic compounds are responsible for the distinctive smells and flavors of different cannabis strains, but their influence goes far beyond scent. Terpenes can have a profound impact on the effects cannabis has on your mood, energy levels, and even physical well-being.
In this post, we’ll explore some of the top cannabis-derived terpenes, their unique effects, and how they contribute to the overall therapeutic experience.
What Are Cannabis-Derived Terpenes?
Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds found in various plants, fruits, and herbs, and they contribute to a plant’s aroma and flavor. In cannabis, terpenes work synergistically with cannabinoids like THC and CBD to create the entourage effect, which enhances the therapeutic benefits of the plant. Each terpene has its own set of properties, and depending on the strain, different terpenes combine to offer distinct effects.
Let’s dive into some of the most common cannabis-derived terpenes and their unique effects.
- Myrcene: The Relaxing Terpene
Aroma/Flavor: Earthy, musky, with hints of cloves and citrus
Effects: Myrcene is one of the most abundant terpenes found in cannabis, especially in indica-dominant strains. It is known for its sedative and relaxing effects, which is why it is often associated with the “couch-lock” feeling. Myrcene is commonly used by people looking for stress relief, pain management, or a good night’s sleep. This terpene has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory and muscle-relaxing properties, making it an excellent option for people dealing with chronic pain or muscle tension.
Common Strains: OG Kush, Granddaddy Purple, and Blue Dream.
- Limonene: The Uplifting Terpene
Aroma/Flavor: Citrus, lemon, orange, and grapefruit
Effects: As the name suggests, limonene is the terpene responsible for the zesty citrus aroma found in some cannabis strains. It is known for its mood-enhancing and energizing effects. Limonene has been studied for its potential to alleviate anxiety and depression, and it may also have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This makes it a great option for those looking to lift their spirits or increase focus and energy.
Common Strains: Super Lemon Haze, Lemon Skunk, and Durban Poison.
- Pinene: The Focused Terpene
Aroma/Flavor: Pine, earthy, fresh, woodsy
Effects: Found in pine trees, pinene is one of the oldest and most common terpenes in nature. This terpene is known for its cognitive-enhancing effects, such as improving memory and mental clarity. Pinene is also believed to help with bronchodilation, making it a potential choice for individuals with respiratory issues like asthma. Additionally, pinene has anti-inflammatory properties and can promote a sense of alertness and focus, making it a popular choice for daytime use.
Common Strains: Jack Herer, Dutch Treat, and Pineapple Express.
- Linalool: The Calming Terpene
Aroma/Flavor: Floral, lavender, sweet
Effects: Linalool is a terpene commonly found in lavender, and it is well-known for its calming and relaxing effects. It is often used in aromatherapy for stress relief and anxiety reduction. Linalool has also been linked to sedative effects that can help with insomnia and promote restful sleep. In addition to its relaxing benefits, linalool has antibacterial and antifungal properties, making it useful in some topical applications as well.
Common Strains: Lavender, Amnesia Haze, and LA Confidential.
- Caryophyllene: The Spicy Terpene
Aroma/Flavor: Spicy, peppery, woody
Effects: Caryophyllene is a unique terpene because it is the only one known to interact directly with the body’s CB2 receptors, part of the endocannabinoid system. This gives it potential as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic compound, helping to relieve pain and inflammation. Caryophyllene is also known to have stress-relieving and anxiolytic effects, making it a great option for those seeking relief from anxiety. Its spicy flavor is often compared to black pepper.
Common Strains: Sour Diesel, Girl Scout Cookies, and Chemdawg.
- Terpinolene: The Uplifting and Creative Terpene
Aroma/Flavor: Floral, herbal, and citrus
Effects: Terpinolene is a relatively rare terpene in cannabis, but it has an interesting combination of effects. It is known for being uplifting and can help with creativity and mental clarity. It’s often described as being both energizing and calming, making it a great choice for those looking to enhance their focus and productivity while also staying relaxed. Terpinolene has antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, which may offer additional health benefits.
Common Strains: Jack Herer, Clementine, and Pineapple Express.
- Humulene: The Anti-Inflammatory Terpene
Aroma/Flavor: Earthy, woody, with a hint of hops
Effects: Humulene is commonly found in hops and cannabis, and it is known for its anti-inflammatory properties. This terpene can help alleviate pain and swelling, making it beneficial for those with conditions like arthritis or chronic pain. Additionally, humulene has appetite-suppressant qualities, making it an ideal choice for those looking to curb cravings and manage their weight. It is also linked to anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties.
Common Strains: Headband, White Widow, and Girl Scout Cookies.
- Alpha-Bisabolol: The Soothing Terpene
Aroma/Flavor: Sweet, floral, herbal
Effects: Alpha-bisabolol is a lesser-known terpene with soothing properties. It is often used in cosmetics and skincare for its ability to calm the skin and reduce irritation. In cannabis, alpha-bisabolol is thought to have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, making it useful for soothing pain and reducing redness or swelling. It may also contribute to the overall relaxing effect that certain cannabis strains offer.
Common Strains: Harlequin, ACDC, and Cannatonic.
Conclusion
Cannabis-derived terpenes are essential components of the cannabis plant that greatly influence its effects on mood, mindset, and physical well-being. From enhancing focus and creativity to providing stress relief and relaxation, these terpenes are as important as cannabinoids like THC and CBD in shaping the cannabis experience.
When selecting cannabis products, it’s important to consider the terpene profile of the strain, as it can have a significant impact on your experience. Whether you’re looking for pain relief, stress reduction, or a mental boost, there is a cannabis-derived terpene that can help. By understanding the unique effects of these terpenes, you can tailor your cannabis consumption to suit your individual needs.
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